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Ch 03 - Water Resources10th Geography
Global Water Distribution
If Earth is the 'Blue Planet', why is there a global water crisis?
If Earth is the 'Blue Planet', why is there a global water crisis?
DATA
The 96.5% vs 2.5% Paradox
- Oceans: Cover about 71% of the Earth's surface but contain 96.5% of the total water, which is highly saline and unusable.
- Freshwater: Only 2.5% of global water is fresh.
- Locked Freshwater: Of that 2.5%, nearly 70% is frozen in ice sheets and glaciers (Antarctica, Greenland). A little less than 30% is stored as accessible groundwater.
Prism Memory Hook
97-3 roughly, or precisely 96.5 Salt to 2.5 Fresh
India's Global Water Rank
What is India's global ranking in terms of water availability per person per annum?
What is India's global ranking in terms of water availability per person per annum?
DATA
India's Water Stress
- Global Rank: India ranks 133rd in the world for water availability per person per annum.
- Implication: Despite receiving good average rainfall, the per capita availability is severely low due to India's huge population.
- Prediction: By 2025, it is predicted that large parts of India will join countries or regions facing absolute water scarcity.
Prism Memory Hook
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Renewability of Water
How is water considered a renewable resource despite facing severe global scarcity?
How is water considered a renewable resource despite facing severe global scarcity?
CONCEPT
The Hydrological Cycle
- Mechanism: Water is constantly renewed and recharged through the Hydrological Cycle.
- Process: Water continuously moves from the ocean to the air, to the land, and back to the ocean.
- Key Insight: All water moves within this cycle, ensuring that it remains a renewable resource globally, even if localized regions face severe scarcity.
Prism Memory Hook
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Also in this chapter
34 more cards to study in Prism
- 4Water Stress Definition
- 5Quantitative vs. Qualitative Scarcity
- 6Social Dimensions of Water Scarcity
- 7Definition of a Dam
- 8Classification of Dams
- 9Ancient Hydraulic Structures
- 10Mauryan Era Water Management
- 11Medieval Hydraulic Projects
- 12Dams: Temples of Modern India
- 13Key Multi-Purpose Projects (North & East)
- 14Key Multi-Purpose Projects (Central & South)
- 15Sardar Sarovar Beneficiaries
- 16Hydroelectric Power Contribution
- 17Ecological Impact of Dams: Sedimentation
- 18Dam-Induced Floods
- 19The Damodar River
- 20Impacts of Intensive Irrigation
- 21Narmada Bachao Andolan
- 22World Bank & Sardar Sarovar
- 23Inter-State Water Disputes
- 24Traditional vs. Multi-Purpose Dams
- 25The Kaveri River Water Dispute
- 26Traditional Rainwater Harvesting
- 27Tankas of Rajasthan
- 28Palar Pani
- 29Bamboo Drip Irrigation
- 30Shillong's Water Irony
- 31Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting Process
- 32Gendathur Village Case Study
- 33Tamil Nadu Rainwater Legislation
- 34Groundwater Over-exploitation in Agriculture
- 35Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM)
- 36Atal Bhujal Yojana (Atal Jal)
- 37Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY)
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