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Ch 08 - Secularism11th Political Theory
Secularism (Normative Doctrine)
What is the core definition of Secularism as a normative doctrine?
What is the core definition of Secularism as a normative doctrine?
DEFINITION
Opposition to Religious Domination
- Not just separation: It is not merely the separation of religion and state.
- Core Goal: It seeks to realize a society devoid of Inter-religious (one religion dominating another) and Intra-religious (domination within a religion) domination.
- Positive Aim: It promotes freedom within religions and equality between and within religions.
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Inter-Religious vs. Intra-Religious Domination
What is the difference between Inter-religious and Intra-religious domination?
What is the difference between Inter-religious and Intra-religious domination?
DISTINCTION
Domination Between vs. Within
- Inter-Religious: One religious community persecuting or suppressing another (e.g., Anti-Sikh riots of 1984, Kashmiri Pandits' exodus).
- Intra-Religious: A dominant group within a religion oppressing other members of the same religion (e.g., Dalits banned from temples in Hinduism, women denied equal status).
Prism Memory Hook
Inter = International (Between groups); Intra = Intranet (Internal to one group)
Theocratic State
What defines a 'Theocratic State'?
What defines a 'Theocratic State'?
DEFINITION
Ruled by Priestly Order
- Governance: The state is run directly by the heads of a particular religion.
- No Separation: There is no separation between religious and political institutions.
- Examples: The Papal States in medieval Europe, or the Taliban-controlled state in recent times.
- Nature: Typically hierarchical and oppressive to dissenters.
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Also in this chapter
36 more cards to study in Prism
- 4Theocratic vs. State with Established Religion
- 5The 'Opium of the Masses' Critique
- 6Sarva Dharma Sama Bhava
- 7Western Model of Secularism
- 8Indian Secularism: Roots
- 9Negative vs. Positive Secularism
- 10Indian vs. Western Secularism (Focus)
- 11Nehru on Secularism
- 12Components of Indian Secularism
- 13Principled Distance
- 14Rajeev Bhargava & Principled Distance
- 15Minority Rights (Community Rights)
- 16Analogy: The Smoker in the Train
- 17Analogy: The Wheelchair Ramp
- 1842nd Amendment (1976)
- 19Freedom of Religion (Articles 27 & 28)
- 20S.R. Bommai Case (1994)
- 21Essential Religious Practices (ERP) Test
- 22Constitutional Morality
- 23State-Supported Religious Reform
- 24State Financial Aid to Religion
- 25Gazetted Holidays
- 26The HR&CE Act Debate
- 27Sabarimala & Triple Talaq
- 28Right to Freedom of Religion (Articles 25-28)
- 29Dilemma: Personal Laws
- 30Uniform Civil Code (Article 44)
- 31Is Secularism Anti-Religious?
- 32Critique: The 'Western Import' Charge
- 33Minoritism
- 34Excessive Intervention
- 35Vote Bank Politics
- 36Secularism: An Impossible Project?
- 37Ataturk's Secularism (Turkey)
- 38France vs. India (Religious Symbols)
- 39Ottoman Empire vs. Modern Secularism
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