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Ch 03 - Poverty as a Challenge9th Economics

Multidimensional Nature of Poverty

Apart from a lack of adequate income, what are the other key dimensions used to identify and define poverty?

CONCEPT

Beyond Monetary Deprivation

Basic Needs: Experiencing hunger, malnutrition, and a fundamental lack of shelter.
Health and Sanitation: Lacking access to clean drinking water and basic sanitation. It also involves a lack of access to healthcare, meaning sick individuals cannot afford basic treatment.
Social Deprivation: Enduring a pervasive sense of helplessness and social disempowerment, which frequently leads to ill-treatment at farms, factories, and offices.

Prism Memory Hook

Basic Health Social

Absolute vs. Relative Poverty

What is the fundamental difference between 'Absolute Poverty' and 'Relative Poverty'?

DISTINCTION

Comparing Poverty Metrics

Absolute Poverty: A severe condition where a person's income falls below a strictly defined minimum threshold (the poverty line) required to meet basic life necessities like food, clothing, and shelter. It is a fixed, absolute measure of deprivation.
Relative Poverty: A condition where individuals lack the minimum amount of income needed to maintain the average standard of living in the society in which they live. It is a comparative measure that evaluates economic inequality within a nation rather than sheer physical survival.

Prism Memory Hook

Absolute is Survival, Relative is Society

The Concept of Human Poverty

How does the broader concept of 'Human Poverty' expand upon the strict official, income-based definition of poverty?

DEFINITION

A Comprehensive Standard of Living

Official Definition: Focuses strictly on maintaining a minimum subsistence level of living, primarily determined by sufficient income.
Human Poverty: Evaluates poverty based on the failure to achieve a 'reasonable' level of living.
Comprehensive Scope: This broader metric includes adequate education, healthcare, job security, self-confidence, and freedom from systemic caste and gender discrimination.

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Also in this chapter

34 more cards to study in Prism

4Social Exclusion
5Economic Vulnerability
6India's Most Vulnerable Demographics
7Intra-Household Inequality: The Poorest of the Poor
8The Vicious Cycle of Poverty
9Poverty Estimation Authority in India
10Nutritional Basis of the Poverty Line
11Monetary Poverty Line (2011-12)
12Key Poverty Estimation Committees
13National Multidimensional Poverty Index (NMPI)
14The International Poverty Line
15Urban Poverty Case Study: Ram Saran
16Rural Poverty Case Study: Lakha Singh
17Historical Roots of Indian Poverty
18Limitations of the Green Revolution
19Resource Inequality and Policy Failures
20Socio-Cultural Causes of Poverty
21National Poverty Trends (1993 - 2012)
22Inter-State Poverty Disparities
23Global Poverty Trends: China vs. Russia
24The Anti-Poverty Impact of Economic Growth
25State Strategy: Punjab and Haryana
26State Strategy: Kerala
27State Strategy: West Bengal
28State Strategy: Andhra Pradesh & Tamil Nadu
29Employment Guarantees: MGNREGA & NFWP
30Prime Minister Rozgar Yojana (PMRY)
31Rural Employment Generation Programme (REGP)
32Swarnajayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY)
33Pradhan Mantri Gramodaya Yojana (PMGY)
34Antyodaya Anna Yojana (AAY)
35Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY)
36Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan
37Sustainable Development Goal 1 (SDG 1)

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