Ch 05 - THE FUNDAMENTAL UNIT OF LIFE9th Science
Discovery of the Cell
How was the fundamental unit of life discovered, and what is the literal meaning of its Latin name?
How was the fundamental unit of life discovered, and what is the literal meaning of its Latin name?
The cell was discovered by Robert Hooke in 1665.
- He observed a thin slice of cork (bark of a tree) under a self-designed primitive microscope.
- He saw honeycomb-like structures and named them cells.
- Cell is derived from a Latin word meaning 'a little room'.
Prism Memory Hook
Hooke looked at a cork book and found a little room (cell).
Key Microscopic Discoveries
Match the following groundbreaking cellular discoveries to their respective scientists: Free-living cells, the Nucleus, and the term 'Protoplasm'.
Match the following groundbreaking cellular discoveries to their respective scientists: Free-living cells, the Nucleus, and the term 'Protoplasm'.
Timeline of Discoveries:
- Leeuwenhoek (1674): Used an improved microscope to discover free-living cells (in pond water) for the first time.
- Robert Brown (1831): Discovered the nucleus in the cell.
- Purkinje (1839): Coined the term 'protoplasm' for the fluid substance of the cell.
Prism Memory Hook
Leeuwenhoek Looked at a Lake (pond). Robert Brown found the center (nucleus) of town. Purkinje named the Protoplasm.
The Cell Theory
Who formulated the original Cell Theory, and which scientist later expanded it with a revolutionary postulate?
Who formulated the original Cell Theory, and which scientist later expanded it with a revolutionary postulate?
Original Cell Theory (1838-1839):
Formulated by two biologists: Schleiden (1838, botanist) and Schwann (1839, zoologist).
- Postulate: All plants and animals are composed of cells, and the cell is the basic unit of life.
Expansion of the Theory (1855):
- Expanded by Rudolf Virchow.
- Postulate: All cells arise from pre-existing cells (Omnis cellula e cellula).
Prism Memory Hook
Schleiden (Shrubs/Plants) and Schwann (Swans/Animals) saw cells. Virchow viewed them dividing.
Also in this chapter
41 more cards to study in Prism
- 4Exceptions to the Cell Theory: Viruses
- 5Cellular Shape & Size Extremes in Humans
- 6Unicellular vs. Multicellular
- 7Division of Labour
- 8Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Cells
- 9Plant Cell vs. Animal Cell
- 10Cellular Staining Techniques
- 11Camillo Golgi & The Black Reaction
- 12Plasma Membrane Structure
- 13Cellular Diffusion
- 14Osmosis
- 15Cellular Measurement: Micrometer
- 16Tonicity: Hypotonic, Isotonic, Hypertonic
- 17Plasmolysis
- 18Active vs. Passive Transport
- 19Endocytosis: Phagocytosis & Pinocytosis
- 20The Cell Wall
- 21Cell Wall Biochemistry
- 22The Cytoplasm
- 23Architecture of the Nucleus
- 24Chromatin, Chromosomes, and DNA
- 25Nucleus vs. Nucleoid
- 26Membrane Envelopes Summary
- 27Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER)
- 28Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER)
- 29Membrane Biogenesis
- 30Golgi Apparatus
- 31Dictyosomes (Plant Cells)
- 32Chromosome Ploidy in Cell Division
- 33Centrosomes & Centrioles (Animal Cells)
- 34Lysosomes
- 35Mitochondria Architecture
- 36ATP: The Energy Currency
- 37Plastids
- 38Internal Architecture of Chloroplasts
- 39Semiautonomous Organelles
- 40Vacuoles: Structure & Function
- 41Vacuoles in Unicellular Organisms
- 42Purpose of Cell Division
- 43Mitosis (Equational Division)
- 44Meiosis (Reductional Division)
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