Ch 10 - Thermal Properties of Matter11th Physics
Heat vs. Temperature
What is the fundamental distinction between heat and temperature in physics?
What is the fundamental distinction between heat and temperature in physics?
The Distinction
- Heat: The form of energy transferred between systems or a system and its surroundings by virtue of a temperature difference. (SI Unit: Joule, J)
- Temperature: A relative measure or indication of the hotness or coldness of a body. It determines the direction of heat flow. (SI Unit: Kelvin, K)
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Temperature Scale Conversion
Temperature Scale Conversion
State the standard conversion formula relating the Fahrenheit () and Celsius () temperature scales.
Variables & Units:
- t_F = Temperature in Fahrenheit (°F)
- t_C = Temperature in Celsius (°C)
Conditions/Notes:
- Interval sizes differ: 100 steps in the Celsius scale are exactly equal to 180 steps in the Fahrenheit scale.
- Freezing point of water: 0°C / 32°F
- Boiling point of water: 100°C / 212°F
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Ideal-Gas Equation
Ideal-Gas Equation
State the Ideal-Gas Equation relating pressure, volume, and absolute temperature for a low-density gas.
Variables & Units:
- P = Pressure (Pa)
- V = Volume (m³)
- = Number of moles of gas
- R = Universal gas constant (8.31 J mol⁻¹ K⁻¹)
- T = Absolute temperature (K)
Conditions/Notes:
- This equation effectively combines Boyle's law () and Charles' law ().
- Acts as the basis for a constant-volume gas thermometer where .
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Also in this chapter
37 more cards to study in Prism
- 4Absolute Zero
- 5Linear Thermal Expansion
- 6Bimetallic Strip Principle
- 7Volume Thermal Expansion
- 8Relation Between Expansion Coefficients
- 9Volume Expansion of an Ideal Gas
- 10Thermal Stress
- 11Specific Heat Capacity ($s$)
- 12Molar Specific Heat Capacity ($C$)
- 13Real vs. Apparent Expansion of Liquids
- 14Anomalous Expansion of Water
- 15Latent Heat ($L$)
- 16Heat Capacity vs. Water Equivalent
- 17Modes of Heat Transfer
- 18Boundary Conditions of Specific Heat
- 19Rate of Heat Conduction (Heat Current, $H$)
- 20Specific Heat: Diatomic vs. Monoatomic Gases
- 21Principle of Calorimetry
- 22Changes of State
- 23Wien's Displacement Law
- 24Temperature vs. Heat Graph (Heating Curve)
- 25Stefan-Boltzmann Law
- 26Triple Point
- 27Net Heat Loss by Radiation
- 28Newton's Law of Cooling
- 29Regelation
- 30Variation of Density with Temperature
- 31Superficial (Area) Expansion
- 32Convection: Trade Winds
- 33Equivalent Thermal Conductivity (Series)
- 34Concept of a Perfect Blackbody
- 35Equivalent Thermal Conductivity (Parallel)
- 36Kirchhoff's Law of Thermal Radiation
- 37Temperature of Intermediate Junction
- 38Kirchhoff's Law of Thermal Radiation
- 39Average Temperature Method (Newton's Law of Cooling)
- 40The Greenhouse Effect
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