Ch 05 - Coordination Compounds12th Chemistry
Werner's Theory: Primary Valency
According to Werner's theory, what does 'Primary Valency' correspond to in modern terminology, and what is its nature regarding ionisation?
According to Werner's theory, what does 'Primary Valency' correspond to in modern terminology, and what is its nature regarding ionisation?
Modern Terminology:
- Corresponds to the Oxidation State (or Oxidation Number) of the central metal.
Characteristics:
- It is ionisable.
- It is satisfied strictly by negative ions.
- It is non-directional and does not determine the physical geometry of the complex.
Prism Memory Hook
Primary is Positive/Negative and Pluckable (Ionisable).
Chemical Formulas of Important Double Salts
Chemical Formulas of Important Double Salts
State the exact chemical formulas for the common double salts: Carnallite and Mohr's Salt.
Variables & Units:
- None (Chemical Formulas)
Conditions/Notes:
- Boundary Condition: Unlike coordination complexes, Double Salts completely dissociate into their constituent simple ions when dissolved in water, losing their chemical identity.
Prism Memory Hook
A premium mnemonic for this topic is available in the Prism App.
Werner's Theory: Secondary Valency
In Werner's theory, what does 'Secondary Valency' correspond to, and how does it specifically influence the shape of the molecule?
In Werner's theory, what does 'Secondary Valency' correspond to, and how does it specifically influence the shape of the molecule?
Modern Terminology:
- Corresponds to the Coordination Number of the central metal.
Characteristics:
- It is non-ionisable.
- It is satisfied by neutral molecules or negative ions (ligands).
- It is highly directional, meaning the specific spatial arrangement of these valencies determines the exact geometrical shape (coordination polyhedron) of the complex.
Prism Memory Hook
Secondary is Stubborn (Non-ionisable) and Shapes the structure.
Also in this chapter
42 more cards to study in Prism
- 4Werner's Theory: Empirical Evidence (Precipitation & Conductance)
- 5Coordination Entity & Central Atom
- 6Classification of Ligands by Denticity
- 7The Chelate Effect
- 8Ambidentate Ligands
- 9Calculating Coordination Number (Boundary Condition)
- 10Homoleptic vs Heteroleptic Complexes
- 11Nomenclature: Naming the Complex Anion
- 12Nomenclature: Ligand Alphabetisation
- 13Nomenclature: Bis, Tris, Tetrakis
- 14Stereoisomerism vs Structural Isomerism
- 15Linkage Isomerism
- 16Coordination Isomerism
- 17Ionisation Isomerism
- 18Solvate (Hydrate) Isomerism
- 19Geometrical Isomerism in Square Planar Complexes
- 20Facial (fac) and Meridional (mer) Isomerism
- 21Optical Isomerism
- 22Valence Bond Theory: Inner vs Outer Orbital Complexes
- 23VBT: Tetrahedral vs Square Planar Ni(II) Complexes
- 24Octahedral Crystal Field Splitting Energies
- 25Limitations of Valence Bond Theory
- 26Crystal Field Splitting vs Pairing Energy (d^4 Configuration)
- 27Tetrahedral vs Octahedral Splitting Energy
- 28The Spectrochemical Series
- 29Tetrahedral Splitting Pattern
- 30Square Planar Crystal Field Splitting
- 31Limitations of Crystal Field Theory (CFT)
- 32Origin of Colour in Coordination Compounds
- 33Colour in $d^0$ Complexes (LMCT)
- 34Colour Origin in Gemstones (Ruby & Emerald)
- 35Geometries of Homoleptic Metal Carbonyls
- 36Synergic Bonding in Metal Carbonyls
- 37Purification of Metals via Complexation (Mond Process)
- 38Factors Governing Thermodynamic Stability
- 39Werner's Conductance Evidence
- 40Biological Importance of Coordination Compounds
- 41Analytical Applications: Hardness of Water
- 42Overall Stability Constant and Dissociation
- 43Medicinal and Photographic Applications
- 44Industrial Catalysts: Wilkinson's Catalyst
- 45Extraction of Gold (MacArthur-Forrest Process)
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