Ch 10 - Biotechnology and its Applications12th Biology
Three Pillars of Biotechnological Research
What are the three critical research areas that form the functional foundation of biotechnological applications?
What are the three critical research areas that form the functional foundation of biotechnological applications?
- Catalyst Provision: Providing the best possible biological catalyst, typically in the form of a genetically improved microbe or a highly purified enzyme.
- Optimal Conditions: Engineering the optimal environmental and biochemical conditions for that specific catalyst to function at maximum efficiency.
- Downstream Processing: Developing advanced purification technologies to extract, separate, and refine the final organic compound or protein product.
Prism Memory Hook
COD: Catalyst, Optimal conditions, Downstream processing.
Strategies for Increasing Food Production
To accommodate a rapidly growing human population, what are the three primary agricultural strategies utilized to increase global food production?
To accommodate a rapidly growing human population, what are the three primary agricultural strategies utilized to increase global food production?
- Agro-chemical based agriculture: Utilizing synthetic chemical fertilisers and pesticides (the driving force of the Green Revolution).
- Organic agriculture: Utilizing natural bio-fertilisers and bio-pesticides without relying on synthetic chemicals.
- Genetically engineered crop-based agriculture: Utilizing Genetically Modified (GM) crops to biologically enhance crop yield and pest resistance.
Prism Memory Hook
AOG: Agro-chemical, Organic, Genetically engineered.
Agricultural Advantages of GM Plants
List the five major physiological and agricultural advantages of cultivating Genetically Modified (GM) plants.
List the five major physiological and agricultural advantages of cultivating Genetically Modified (GM) plants.
- Abiotic Stress Tolerance: Dramatically increased tolerance to harsh environmental conditions like cold, drought, salt, and extreme heat.
- Pest Resistance: Inherently resistant to biological pests, reducing reliance on toxic chemical pesticides.
- Post-Harvest Preservation: Significantly reduced post-harvest crop losses due to delayed ripening or enhanced durability.
- Mineral Usage Efficiency: Increased efficiency of mineral usage by the plant's roots, which prevents the early exhaustion of soil fertility.
- Nutritional Enhancement: Enhanced overall nutritional profile of foods (e.g., Golden Rice).
Prism Memory Hook
APPMN: Abiotic, Pests, Post-harvest, Minerals, Nutrition.
Also in this chapter
35 more cards to study in Prism
- 4Tissue Culture: Totipotency and Explants
- 5Micro-propagation and Somaclones
- 6Recovery of Virus-Free Plants via Meristem Culture
- 7Protoplast Fusion & Somatic Hybridisation
- 8Biochemical Mechanism of Bt Toxin
- 9Taxonomic Insect Targets of Bt Toxin
- 10Pest Specificity of 'cry' Genes
- 11Molecular Principle of RNA Interference (RNAi)
- 12Nematode Infection in Tobacco
- 13Biological Sources of dsRNA in RNAi
- 14Flavr Savr Tomato & Antisense RNA
- 15Applying RNAi to Tobacco Plants
- 16Recombinant Therapeutics Data
- 17Nutritional Enhancement: Golden Rice
- 18Structure of Human Insulin
- 19First Genetically Engineered Insulin
- 20Biochemical Function of the C-Peptide
- 21First Clinical Gene Therapy
- 22Pro-insulin vs. Mature Insulin
- 23Gene Therapy: Temporary vs. Permanent Cure
- 24Modern Early Diagnosis Techniques
- 25Immunological Principles of ELISA
- 26GEAC and Biopiracy
- 27Detecting Mutated Genes via Probes
- 28Transgenic Animal Models for Human Diseases
- 29Transgenic Biological Products for Rare Diseases
- 30Human Insulin Amino Acid Composition
- 31Transgenics: Rosie the Cow
- 32Conventional Treatments for ADA Deficiency
- 33Vaccine Safety Testing in Transgenic Mice
- 34Vector for ADA Gene Therapy
- 35Chemical Safety (Toxicity) Testing
- 36Rice Diversity in India
- 37Biopiracy of Traditional Herbal Medicines
- 38The Indian Patents Bill
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