Ch 11 - Organisms and Populations12th Biology
Father of Ecology in India
Who is revered as the Father of Ecology in India, and what major academic foundation did he lay in the country?
Who is revered as the Father of Ecology in India, and what major academic foundation did he lay in the country?
- Scientist: Ramdeo Misra.
- Contribution: He established teaching and research in ecology at the Department of Botany of the Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi.
- Impact: He formulated the first postgraduate course in ecology in India, and his efforts led to the eventual establishment of the Ministry of Environment and Forests (1984).
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Levels of Ecological Organisation
Ecology is primarily concerned with investigating biological processes at which four main levels of organisation?
Ecology is primarily concerned with investigating biological processes at which four main levels of organisation?
- Organisms: The individual living entities.
- Populations: Groups of individuals of the same species living in a defined geographical area.
- Communities: Interacting populations of different species existing in the same area.
- Biomes: Large regional or global biotic communities characterized by dominant vegetation and climate.
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OPCB: Organisms, Populations, Communities, Biomes.
Individual vs. Population Attributes
Differentiate between the demographic attributes of an individual organism and those of a population.
Differentiate between the demographic attributes of an individual organism and those of a population.
- Individual: Has births and deaths, and is either male or female.
- Population: Has birth rates and death rates (expressed as per capita births/deaths) and a sex ratio (e.g., 60% female, 40% male).
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Also in this chapter
47 more cards to study in Prism
- 4Tolerance Ranges: Temperature and Salinity
- 5Measuring Population Density (Biomass vs. Numbers)
- 6Suspending Development to Escape Stress
- 7Physiological Adaptation to Altitude Sickness
- 8Four Basic Processes of Population Growth
- 9Allen's Rule
- 10Desert Adaptations: Kangaroo Rat
- 11Population Density Fluctuation Equation
- 12Exponential Growth Model
- 13Exponential Growth Differential Equation
- 14Age Pyramids and Population Growth
- 15Exponential Growth Integral Equation
- 16Indirect Measurement of Tiger Populations
- 17Verhulst-Pearl Logistic Growth Equation
- 18Invasive Species Control: Prickly Pear Cactus
- 19NCERT Data: Intrinsic Rate of Natural Increase ('r')
- 20Logistic Growth & Carrying Capacity (K)
- 21Life History: Reproductive Frequency
- 22Life History: Offspring Size vs. Quantity
- 23The Three Ecological Roles of Predation
- 24The Evolutionary 'Prudent' Predator
- 25Phytophagous Insects
- 26Plant Defenses Against Herbivory
- 27Prey Defenses: The Monarch Butterfly
- 28Interspecific Population Interactions Matrix
- 29Misconceptions about Ecological Competition
- 30Gause's Competitive Exclusion Principle
- 31Competitive Exclusion: Abingdon Tortoise
- 32Resource Partitioning in Warblers
- 33Responses to Abiotic Stress: Regulate vs. Conform
- 34Ectoparasites vs. Endoparasites
- 35Evolutionary Adaptations of Parasites
- 36Evolutionary De-skilling of Cuscuta
- 37Intermediate Hosts in Parasitic Life Cycles
- 38Desert Plant Adaptations (CAM Pathway)
- 39Brood Parasitism
- 40Why Female Mosquitoes Aren't True Parasites
- 41Commensalism: Epiphytes and Barnacles
- 42Starfish Pisaster & Species Diversity
- 43Commensalism: Cattle Egret and Grazing Cattle
- 44Commensalism: Sea Anemone and Clownfish
- 45Competitive Release
- 46Mutualism: Lichens and Mycorrhizae
- 47Connell's Barnacle Experiment
- 48Co-evolution: Fig Trees and Wasp Pollinators
- 49Sexual Deceit in Mediterranean Orchids
- 50Amensalism
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